Estratégia de linkagem e vulnerabilidades nas barreiras ao tratamento de HIV/Aids para homens que fazem sexo com homens / Linkage strategy and vulnerabilities in the barriers to HIV/AIDS treatment for men who have sex with men

Resumo Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a vinculação ao tratamento de HIV/Aids de Homens que fazem Sexo com Homens (HSH) no Projeto A Hora é Agora, na cidade de Curitiba, Paraná. O conceito de vulnerabilidade com seus três eixos: individual, social e programático foi considerado o marco teórico. Realizou-se levantamento das barreiras enfrentadas pelos sujeitos da testagem até o início do tratamento, por meio de registro da linkagem e atas das reuniões de supervisão. Os dados revelaram que, no plano individual, os HSH tiveram dificuldade em aceitar o diagnóstico de HIV, além de problemas psicológicos que podem ter acarretado na demora de início do tratamento. No eixo social, o estigma/discriminação foi identificado no atendimento nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde e na família, protelando a revelação da sorologia. Por fim, no eixo programático, os HSH encontraram entraves no acesso aos serviços de saúde em função: dos pedidos para repetirem o teste de HIV; mudança de médico pelo mau atendimento; e obstáculos na realização de outros exames, refletindo negativamente no cuidado da saúde. Para a superação dessas barreiras recomenda-se uma atuação não apenas macroestrutural frente a esse grupo, mas um investimento na micropolítica, possibilitando uma mudança real de atitude, cuidado contínuo e postura frente a abordagem do cuidador e a defesa da vida.

Abstract This study aims to analyze the linkage to HIV/AIDS treatment among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) of the project "A Hora é Agora" in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. The concept of vulnerability with its three axes, namely, the individual, social, and programmatic, was the theoretical framework. The barriers from testing up to the onset of the treatment were mapped through linkage registration and minutes from supervisory meetings. In the individual axis, the data revealed that the MSM struggled to address the HIV diagnosis, besides psychological problems that could cause the delay in starting treatment. Considering the social axis, stigma/discrimination was identified in the service at the Basic Health Care Network and within the families, delaying the disclosure of serology. Lastly, in the programmatic axis, the MSM found barriers in accessing the health services due to requests to repeat the HIV test, changing doctors due to poor service, and difficulties in conducting further tests, which adversely reflected on health care. In order to overcome these barriers, it is recommended not only a macro-structural work within this group, but also an investment in the micropolitics, which will enable a real change of attitude, continued care, and a stance related to approaches of care and the defense of life.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection among healthcare workers in a tertiary public hospital in Curitiba, Brazil

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Curitiba, Brazil. METHODS: Upper respiratory samples from 1077 HCWs were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from June 16, 2020 to December 9, 2020. RESULTS: Overall, 32.7% of HCWs were infected. The positivity rates in symptomatic and asymptomatic HCWs were 39.2% and 15.9%, respectively. Hospital departments categorized as high-risk for exposure had the highest number of infected HCWs. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis and isolation of infected HCWs remain key in controlling SARS-CoV-2 transmission because HCWs in close contact with COVID-19 patients are more likely to be infected than those who are not.